Interactive Zero-Knowledge Proofs (ZKPs) involve a protocol between a prover (who asserts knowledge of a secret) and a verifier (who wants to confirm the prover's claim without learning the secret). The interaction typically consists of multiple rounds where the prover generates responses to challenges issued by the verifier, ensuring that the legitimacy of the claim can be verified. This concept is foundational in cryptography, particularly in scenarios that require privacy, such as secure voting or private transactions on a blockchain.