Error handling is a programming practice that involves anticipating errors and defining strategies to deal with them when they occur. In web3, where interactions are often across decentralized networks, error handling becomes particularly important due to potential issues like failed transactions, network timeouts, and unexpected exceptions. Effective error handling helps improve the user experience by providing users with clear feedback and recovery options when something goes wrong. Additionally, it involves logging errors for further analysis and debugging purposes, which aids developers in identifying and resolving underlying issues.