Client-Server Architecture is a distributed computing model that divides tasks or workloads between service providers (servers) and service requesters (clients). Clients initiate communication sessions with the server, which awaits incoming requests. This architecture is fundamental in networking and web development, as it allows multiple clients to connect to the server and access shared resources, such as databases and applications. The design facilitates resource pooling, centralized management, and scalable performance due to the separation of concerns between the client and server roles.